Psychosocial Well-Being of Young People Who Participated in a Support Group Following the Loss of a Parent to Cancer

Despite the evidence of unmet support needs among young people who have lost a parent to cancer, only a few support group initiatives have been reported. This observational prospective study explored the psychosocial well-being of young people who participated in support groups at a Swedish specialist palliative care setting. On three occasions, 29 participants, aged 16–28 years, answered questionnaires covering characteristics of the participants, circumstances of the losses, psychosocial well-being of the young people, and their own assessment of the support groups. The support groups attracted mostly young women who were often unprepared for the loss. The living arrangements differed between younger and older participants; however, the loss-related variables did not differ. Significant positive changes were found regarding a sense of meaning in their future life and life satisfaction. The helpfulness of the group was assessed as high/very high and the group brought a valuable fellowship with others in a similar situation. Universality and beneficial interactions were reported and strengthened psychosocial well-being developed over time. This change, according to the young people themselves, may be attributed to the group support. The findings are useful for planning interventions to support young people in bereavement in order to enhance their psychosocial well-being.     

从“美刺”到“情理”——论《文心雕龙·比兴》的思想矛盾与文学史意义

＂比兴＂是我国古代诗学批评中一个重要而多歧的范畴。汉代经学家论＂比兴＂往往带有强烈的政治功利色彩,在郑玄那里,譬喻而兼美刺乃是＂比兴＂的意义所在。刘勰的《文心雕龙·比兴》一方面受毛、郑的影响,肯定了＂兴＂负载的＂刺过讥失＂的政治意义,另一方面更从情理之异、隐显之别来区分＂比＂、＂兴＂,从而凸显了＂比＂、＂兴＂本身的美学意味。这两种观念的夹杂和歧出,实际反映出毛、郑诗说的深广影响与南朝文学摆脱政教约束而独立的倾向之间的冲突。由此,中国文学思想史上,强调教化功能的＂比兴＂说与强调美感意义和艺术效果的＂比兴说＂乃呈现出双水分流的状态。     

古典家具的“分”与“融”对现代设计的启示

弃“席”而“坐”居住方式的重大变革是中国古典家具“分”与“融”的主要根源。以楚式家具、宋式家具、明清家具为代表，在矮型家具向高型家具的演变进程中，家具突显出在功能、阶级风格上的“分离”和以消除与居住方式的分歧为目的的式样上的“融合”。其中的“分”与“融”，对现代设计中如何把握产品功能、设计元素、品牌文化的“取”“舍”尺度问题具有重要启示。     

Use of concurrent mixed methods combining concept mapping and focus groups to adapt a health equity tool in Canada

The aim of this project was to identify and prioritize a set of conditions to be considered for incorporating a health equity tool into public health practice. Concept mapping and focus groups were implemented as complementary methods to investigate the conditions of use of a health equity tool by public health organizations in Quebec. Using a hybrid integrated research design is a richer way to address the complexity of questions emerging from intervention and planning settings. This approach provides a deeper, operational, and contextualized understanding of research results involving different professional and organizational cultures, and thereby supports the decision-making process. Concept mapping served to identify and prioritize in a limited timeframe the conditions to be considered for incorporation into a health equity tool into public health practices. Focus groups then provided a more refined understanding of the barriers, issues, and facilitating factors surrounding the tools adoption, helped distinguish among participants’ perspectives based on functional roles and organizational contexts, and clarified some apparently contradictory results from the concept map. The combined use of these two techniques brought the strengths of each approach to bear, thereby overcoming some of the respective limitations of concept mapping and focus groups. This design is appropriate for investigating targets with multiple levels of complexity.     

单位化的村庄——一个乡村变迁研究的视角

建国以来，中国的一些乡村尤其是那些集体经济强大的村庄发生的变化之一就是对城市单位的模仿，出现了单位化的村庄。改革开放以来，单位化村庄有扩大或加强的趋势。本文以京郊农村“单位化”的过程及其特征为切人点，对城市化过程中出现的村庄单位化现象进行探讨，为研究乡村社会变迁提供了一个视角。村庄的单位化现象是在城市化背景下村落组织发展的一种自我选择，村庄资源独享性是单位化村庄形成的关键因素。这种以农业的方式发展工业，以农村组织形式从事城市管理，在一定历史时期不仅是合理的，也是有效的，但也有其自身的局限性。     

Exploratory Study on Drug Users’ Perspectives on Quality of Life: More than Health-Related Quality of Life?

In drug treatment outcome literature, a focus on objective and socially desirable indicators of change (e.g. no drug use) has predominated, while outcome indicators that are important for drug users themselves (e.g. quality of life, satisfaction with treatment) have largely been neglected. Nonetheless, Quality of Life (QoL) has become an important concept to evaluate effectiveness of treatment in mental health care research and disability studies. Given the almost exclusive focus on Health-related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in substance abuse research and the neglect of clients’ perspectives in this field, we explore in this study the concept of QoL as perceived by drug users. Focus group discussions (n = 9) were organised in various treatment settings and community services for drug users in the region of Ghent, Belgium to identify important dimensions of QoL and their interpretation by drug users. Data were clustered and analysed based on the theoretical framework of Robert Schalock (Quality of life. Volume 1: Conceptualization and measurement, 1996). The domains ‘personal relationships’, ‘social inclusion’ and ‘self-determination’ were discussed most frequently by the participants. They stressed the importance of a supportive social network in particular. It can be concluded that QoL is not primarily associated by drug users with health and it involves much more than the aspects typically represented in measures of HRQOL.     

解决好失业问题是构建和谐社会的必然选择

改革开放以来，在传统的计划型劳动力就业机制向新兴的市场型劳动力就业机制转变的过程中，一大批失业人员成为处手社会底层的弱势群体。正确认识这一群体的现状，并提出积极有效的解决对策，对于正确处理人民内部的利益矛盾和构建和谐社会具有一定的理论和现实意义。     

THREE STUDENTS SPEAK...

No abstract available for this article.     

The Worker's Role in Collectivity

This paper examines the worker's role in collectivity. Modifications are required because collectivity, as an entity, does not aid the worker as effectively as does a fully-formed social work group. The worker is therefore obliged to move the worker role into the gaps created by the nature of the structure.